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The Writings of Helen Hunt Jackson, 2005.
This paper discusses Helen Hunt Jackson's novel "Ramona" and research text "A Century of Dishonor" about the plight of Native-Americans in North America.
2,665 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 0 sources, MLA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Helen Hunt Jackson's books describe the way the United States government stole their cultures from the Native-Americans, robbing them of the lands, language, religion and honor. The author points out that, in "A Century of Dishonor", Jackson discusses seven different tribes of North America, the Delaware, the Cheyenne, the Nez Perc, the Sioux, the Ponca, the Winnebago and the Cherokee, which are summarized in this paper. The paper relates that, in Jackson's romance novel "Ramona", which is the story of a young Spanish woman who defies the customs of her people and falls in love with a Native-American, the animosity of European decent people towards Native-Americans is presented in heart breaking fashion.
From the Paper
"The Delaware lands stretched from the Hudson to the Potomac Rivers. The Delaware are an interesting tribe who, like the Moslems, recognize the fact that the enemy of my enemy is my friend. The Delaware played both sides against each other in an attempt to maintain control over the lands. "In the French and Indian war of 1755 many of them fought on the side of the French against the English." The British of course were attempting to displace the Delaware and other Native-American tribes. They also were trying to gain control over French territories in the North. The majority of Delaware later sided with the British in the beginning of the Revolutionary War against the future United States."
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Immersion in Bilingual Education, 2005.
Examines the theory that immersion into a second language is a good method to acquire that language.
2,950 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
The pros and cons of bilingual education continue as an argued debate across the United States. Unfortunately, much of the information on which people base their opinion is not correct. Numerous studies conducted over the past three decades show that bilingual education has been an effective educational tool. This paper shows that educators and other bilingual specialists are now also looking into other methodology, such as two-way or dual immersion, that can enhance the basic bilingual curriculum.
From the Paper
"Schools are finding that language development works both ways. Many Native American children, for example, have forgotten or have never known their original languages. So that the languages are not forgotten, kindergarten students learn everything from colors to numbers to animal names in Cherokee. Students are called by their native Indian names and speak in Cherokee for most of the day. These kindergartners are in the first Cherokee-immersion class in a U.S. public school. By teaching kids Cherokee and not just English, Lost City School in Oklahoma is working to help save a dying language."
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Native Americans, 2006.
A paper describing the substandard education offered Native Americans living on reservations.
789 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper offers evidence that Native Americans that are living on reservations are being cheated out of a quality education. The paper looks at the drop-out rates and the graduation rates of Native Americans as well as the cultural differences in the educational process that exist as proof of the poor quality of education they are receiving.
From the Paper
"Some people maintain that while Native Americans have become impoverished due to the activities of the United States Government, they have actually gained more than they have lost, due to being placed on reservations. One of the alleged benefits of the reservation system is a free education. However, the poor quality of the education system on Native American reservations contributes to the cycle of poverty, alcohol abuse, and despondency that is present on many Native American reservations. One of the serious problems confronting Native American leaders is that Native Americans as a whole has achieved one of the lowest educational levels among all ethnic groups and are not doing well while attending school (Lin, 1985). The education provided on Native American reservations has done more to harm than to help Native Americans."
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"The Emergence of an American Ethnic Pattern", 2004.
An analysis of "The Emergence of an American Ethnic Pattern" by Nathan Glazer.
722 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 0 sources, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Nathan Glazer's "The Emergence of an American Ethnic Pattern". The paper explains Glazer's opinion that affirmative action is creating a 'tribal' America. The paper contends that rather than a cohesive American identity, Glazer argues that Americans are becoming increasingly identified with their personal racial, religious and ethnic differences. The paper disagrees with Glazer's views and states that affirmative action acknowledges a historical past that cannot be ignored when creating the future and also offers a potential vision of a new America, based upon a vision of a beautiful, pluralistic mosaic of identity.
From the Paper
"True, civil rights and voting rights have remedied some of the abuses codified in American law. Still, the social ramifications of the legal disenfranchisement of African Americans, Indian Americans, and other disenfranchised groups still exist with these once legally discriminated against communities. The social actions of lynching, local laws discriminating against Chinese and Catholic Americans, the denial of land rights to American Indians, and other social abuses still have long-standing social effects that do not disappear as the words of the 'Jim Crow' laws disappeared from the law books of the South. Discrimination today exists, even if it is not in law, it does in fact and common, often unspoken practice."
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The Yanomamo, 2004.
An analysis of the Yanomamo, an indigenous tribe living in the tropical rain forests of southern Venezuela and northern Brazil.
2,266 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 36 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Yanomamo Indians, one of the most ancient living tribes on the earth. The paper contends that the Yanomamo are a primitive people renowned for the success of their ecological interaction with the environment and their understanding of the delicate balance between man and nature. The paper examines various aspects of their culture and beliefs.
Outline
Introduction
The Religious Foundations of the Yanomamo Culture
Cosmology
Kinship, Politics and Marriage
From the Paper
"The Yanomami are an indigenous tribe also called Yanomamo, Yanomam, and Sanuma who live in the tropical rain forest of Southern Venezuela and Northern Brazil. The society is composed of four subdivisions of Indians. (Yanomami Indians) Each subdivision has its own language. "They include the Sanema which live in the Northern Sector, the Ninam which live in the southeastern sector, the Yanomam which live in the southeastern part and the Yanomamo which live in the southwestern part of Yanomami area." (ibid) "
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Chief Seattle and the Tragedy of the Commons, 2004.
An analysis of Chief Seattle's famous 1854 speech concerning land ownership.
973 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the tragedy of the commons, explaining the concept of "commons" as any kind of resource which is divided up and shared by a group of people. The paper examines issues of ownership as opposed to stewardship. The paper analyzes Chief Seattle's well-known 1854 speech regarding possession of the land, in which he expounds upon a Native-American belief of stewardship of the land.
From the Paper
"As capitalists first and Americans second, we believe strongly in the concept of ownership. We own and use the Earth and the material goods Earth's raw materials help us produce, and feel a proprietary command over them. When Communism developed as an alternative to the concept of unadulterated ownership, we responded with the fear and anger of one whose child had been taken. Ownership of the land, its materials and its spoils are more integral to American society and thought than any other characteristics or facets. However, this concept is subject to the limitations and inevitable truth of the tragedy of the commons, and we will eventually be dupes to this incontrovertible logic."
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"The American Story", 2005.
A discussion of the book "The American Story" by Robert Divine.
1,014 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The book "The American Story" attempts to dispel common notions of the conquest of the new world. The writer explains that the European colonization of the new world forever changed the lives and cultures of the native Americans. Their populations were ravaged by displacement, disease warfare, and enslavement. Yet, the traditional, conservative views surrounding Thanksgiving and American history seems to be ingrained in Americans, even though virtually none of it contains much in the way of of authenticity, historical accuracy or cross-cultural perception. The writer shows that it is this distortion of history, more than any other factor, which motivated Divine to set the record straight on the conquest of the New World.
Table of COntents
I. Author's Representation
II. Theme Portrayal
III. Discussion Response
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Although Divine isn't as left as many historians, he's certainly to left of the average person-on-the-street. Media has stereotyped Native American Indians as wild, aggressive savages. Americans most frequently associate American settlements with groups such as the Pilgrims who came to the New World not because of competition between religions, but to flee religious persecution by the Church of England. And, Americans are taught the kindness of the English as best exemplified by Thanksgiving, a holiday in which the colonists share their feasts with the Indians. Due to mainstream teaching of American history that only relates part of the truth, the average person is likely to have a very negative reaction to Divine's book, dismissing it as socialist-like propaganda or at least an anti-American diatribe. As Loewen mentioned, once ideas are ingrained they are difficult to change. For history to be rewritten, it must be related correctly beginning at a very young age."
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Indian-Americans and Heart Disease, 2005.
An examination of the high incidence of heart disease amongst the Indian-American population and what can be done about it.
5,987 words (approx. 23.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 142.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the various components that render the Indian-Americans' risk level for coronary heart disease so high and then discusses various preventative measures that can improve the health and potential health of Indian-Americans. Among the components discussed are genetic components, other co-morbid diseases, metabolic effects, environmental considerations, concurrent infections and anatomical considerations. The paper also discusses the preventative measures such as omega 3 (fish oil), antioxidants and exercise.
Introduction
Review of Literature and Discussion
Methodology
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Indian Americans have the highest risk of heart disease in the world. This paper establishes that this is due to several factors. First, genetic components. Indians have a strong family history of heart disease, and this increases their risks. Second, other co-morbid diseases such as hypertension and diabetes contribute strongly. Among metabolic effects, CRP levels are the greatest single indicator of heart disease risk and must be measured carefully by all at risk, most especially Indian Americans. Of environmental considerations, the wealth of Indian Americans often worsens their heart conditions. Infections such as Chlamydia often increase risks of heart disease, but this has not been shown to be a cause especially linked to Indian Americans. One of the largest differentials is Indian Americans' smaller blood vessels, which often result in ineffective balloon angioplasties.
In total, Indian Americans face a grave heart disease risk and they must constantly monitor their risks and their cardiologists must be made of the increased risks they face in order to avoid this killer disease."
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Native American Culture, 2005.
A look at the history and origins of the Native American Culture.
1,183 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the beginnings, history, culture, language and religions of Native Americans. The paper explains that they are believed to have come to the Western Hemisphere from Asia via the Bering Strait or along the North Pacific coast. The paper also describes the many different types of languages of the Native Americans, their living conditions in the 20th century and some of the Native Indian religious beliefs.
From the Paper
"The main language family of the Northwest Coast were the Nadene in the north and the Wakashan, a subdivision of the Algonquian-Wakashan linguistic stock, and the Tsimshian, a subdivision of the Penutian linguistic stock in the central area (Natives Pp). They had a highly stratified society with chiefs, nobles, commoners, and slaves, and are famed for their artwork of ceremonial items such as rattles and masks, weaving and basketry (Natives Pp). Moreover, they had woven robes, furs, basket hats, wooden armor and helmets for battle, and their culture included cannibalistic rituals (Natives Pp)."
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Discrimination, 2004.
A discussion of various issues of discrimination and prejudice.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of the history of discrimination, with a focus on prejudice against American-Indians. The paper discusses the writer's personal feelings about discrimination and provides a frank and honest confession of the writer's own prejudices. An action plan is examined for the purpose of learning how to be comfortable and accepting in a non-traditional environment.
From the Paper
"Discrimination and prejudiced feelings and opinions against Native Americans stems back to colonial times, when colonists and living practices as well as governance policies did not adequately value "the culture, history and knowledge of the American Indians" (Koppelman & Goodhart, 2003:86). Colonists rarely acknowledged the indigenous peoples living in America when they first arrived. Many considered Native Americans to be savages, or people that were less than human and dangerous at best (Koppelman & Goodhart, 2003). From early colonial times a precedent has been established that Native Americans were "obstacles" meant to be overcome rather than people deserving of equal rights and respect under the law. "
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Dee Brow's "Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee", 2005.
This paper discusses "Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee" by Dee Brown, the detailed documented account of the Wounded Knee Massacre of December 29, 1890 and the events leading up to it.
1,185 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Dee Brown's "Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee" begins in 1860 with the Long Walk of the Navajos and ends thirty years later at the Wounded Knee massacre. The author reports that the book documents the battles and defeats of Native Americans, human beings, who included the Navajo, Nez Perces, Cheyenne, Apache, Utes, the Sioux and many other tribes, who fought against a dishonest and relentless government. The paper concludes that, within just twenty-one years of experiencing contact with the white people, the Great Sioux Nation lost over ninety percent of its land.
From the Paper
"The Great Sioux Nation, which once comprised almost a quarter of the land mass of the United States, signed the Fort Laramie Treaty in 1868, a treaty that established the Great Sioux Reservation and brought a halt to the Red Cloud War of 1866-1868. Under the treaty's terms, the U.S. military was ordered to keep all unauthorized non-Indian people out of Dakota Territory. Yet in 1874, Colonel George A. Custer, commander of the 7th cavalry, violated the treaty. Custer entered the Black Hills region on a fabricated geological expedition; however, the true purpose was to find a site for establishing a new military post. When gold was discovered, prospectors swarmed into the Lakota lands and by 1874, white settlers out numbered and out armed the Sioux people."
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Cheyenne Indians, 2005.
A brief history of the Cheyenne Indians.
1,913 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the history, background and lifestyle of the Cheyenne Indians, their decimation by the American army, their relocation onto Indian reservations and their gradual revival after only 100 survivors remained.
From the Paper
"Originally farmers, hunters, and gatherers in the land that is now central Minnesota, however, during the late 17th century, the Cheyenne were driven out of the area by the Sioux and Ojibwa tribes. Gradually they migrated westward and settled in the area that is now North Dakota, but were forced to move south when the Ojibwa destroyed their settlement in 1770. When the Cheyenne reached the Black Hills of South Dakota, they changed from farming and hunting and living in permanent villages to a nomadic life following the Buffalo herds. When the horse was introduced to this part of the country around 1750, the Cheyenne became one of the major tribes of the Western Plains and by 1830, they had divided into two main groups, the Northern Cheyenne and the Southern Cheyenne. The Northern band lived along the North Platte, Powder, and Yellowstone rivers in present-day South Dakota and Wyoming, and ranged into Montana and Nebraska, while the Southern band lived along the upper Arkansas River in what is now Colorado and Kansas, ranging into neighboring states."
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Horses and History, 2005.
This paper discusses the ecological problems created by the introduction of horses into the more temperate regions colonized by Europeans, especially among North American Indians.
1,135 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the modern focus on successful Native-American equestrian cultures and the stereotype of the mounted Indian warrior obscures a deeper understanding of the often damaging impact of the arrival of horses on Native-American Indian culture and ecology. The author points out that the arrival of horses brought about a cultural transformation by allowing improvements in transportation, hunting, warfare and trade but disrupted the ecology of the bison and grassland, brought about social inequality and created disruptions in subsistence economies. The paper also relates that the native biology of all of the conquered temperate places (including humans) was not equipped to deal with European invaders: European diseases like smallpox decimated native populations, European weeds and agriculture brought large scale reductions in native flora and European animals (cattle, pigs and horses) squeezed out the native animals.
From the Paper
"Horses, in particular, found their new homes rich in grazing lands, abundant with space, and relatively free of natural predators. Australia was populated with kangaroos, and the South American pampas with flightless birds: species that offered little danger to horses. Further, they did not have to compete, on a large scale, with existing animals for their niche. In the New World, horses from the old world found a welcoming ecological climate that was similar to that of Europe. Mountains, especially the Appalachian Mountains in the United States, provided large open grazing for horses, cattle, and other animals."
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American Indians of Maryland, 2005.
A look at the Native-American tribes that used to dwell in the Maryland area.
1,425 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
The main North American tribe most usually associated with the State of Maryland is the Nanticoke, an Algonkian people that lived and still lives in small numbers on both sides of Chesapeake Bay and on the north bank of the Potomac River. This paper looks at the culture of this tribe and a few other smaller tribes. It discusses how they were forced to integrate with the Europeans and how this affected their way of life and, ultimately, their survival.
From the Paper
"By the years of the American Revolution, the Nanticoke and their related Indian Nations began to experience a rapid decrease in their ability to maintain even trade relations with the Europeans, not to mention the growing numbers of settlers that often forced the native Indians from their homelands within the great woodlands of Maryland. The Nanticokes eventually migrated up the Susquehanna River and resettled in what is now the southern boundaries of the Ohio River Valley. The last Nanticoke immigrants intermingled with the Iroquois Nation and all of their individual cultural identity was lost forever. Today, the remnants of the Nanticoke live along the Indian River in the state of Delaware and the last native speaker of the Nanticoke language died in 1856 which signaled the end of the Nanticoke culture in Maryland."
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"Ishi in Two Worlds", 2005.
A book review of "Ishi in Two Worlds" by Theodora Kroeber.
1,163 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 0 sources, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how "Ishi in Two Worlds" tells the tale of an Indian man who was accustomed to living a traditional way of life and then was thrust into the full brunt of modern American civilization by a cruel accident. It looks at how it is the story of a man who dwelled in two worlds, how he spent most of his life in the ways and sphere of the Yahi Indians, and how, after his tribe's eradication, he was forced to live in contemporary civilization, specifically in the context of the modern American university among well-meaning anthropologists who wished to study and learn from him.
From the Paper
"Ishi's tale is thus at once fascinating and uncomfortable to hear, as the reader finds him or herself a witness to Indian histories, languages and narratives that would otherwise have been lost, yet also a fly-on-the-wall observer to the personal struggle of an essentially private individual, forced to cope with a civilization he never knew existed, a civilization that has overtaken his own even though it is not necessarily superior to the Yahi's ways. At least the anthropologist under whose care Ishi found himself had some of the current postmodern or tolerant mindset of today. They wished to learn about his culture with an open mind, rather than try to change him or to condemn the Yahi practices. Still, the solitude of Ishi's final years amongst White men and women makes his struggle even painful for a 21st century reader to acknowledge."
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